Cross-cultural communication Essay Example for Free

Culturally diverse correspondence Essay Culturally diverse correspondence is a workmanship which can't be rehearsed without verbal and non-verbal correspondence. Collaborating with individuals of a similar culture requires certain abilities so interfacing across various societies is an assignment ahead. Each culture doesn’t just have its own language yet in addition has a one of a kind arrangement of codes and customs; this makes verbal and non-verbal correspondence both significant. With more than 3000 dialects and numerous lingos verbally expressed on the planet today, it is incomprehensible for everyone to gain proficiency with every one of them. This humungous assortment that is accessible makes issues for the culturally diverse correspondence. Aside from this the manner in which words are expressed; the accents utilized add to the issue. For this situation, the standard language makes culturally diverse correspondence simpler. For example one type of Arabic language is generally normal so it is broadly utilized; Modern Standard Arabic. A similar way an official language is given inclination while associating with individuals of various societies. A nation having numerous regions synchronizes on a national language. Each area may have an alternate language however there is one language which is regular to all. A similar way the standard language for conveying across nations and landmasses is English. It is the most generally communicated in language on the planet and assists with conquering numerous ethnic contrasts. The explanation that English is demonstrated useful in breaking obstructions is that it is gotten from different dialects such a significant number of societies can undoubtedly identify with it. Language is particularly significant when the collaboration isn't on up close and personal premise. In this kind of cooperation one can't get the guide of non-verbal communication and correspondence is exclusively subject to words. Behaviors here underline the significance of verbal correspondence. Individuals should deal with their words; they shouldn’t affront others while talking. A word which implies something great in one language may mean something absolutely shocking in the other. Care must be taken while choosing words for multifaceted correspondence. Slang language particularly ought to be kept away from. While the significance of verbal correspondence is clear and can be handily observed, the significance of non-verbal correspondence comes through understanding and information. The estimation of non-verbal correspondence is in reality more noteworthy than that of verbal correspondence across societies. At the point when the verbal correspondence is feeble, non-verbal correspondence is depended upon. Signals, eye to eye connection, physical appearance, contact, articulations, quiet and conduct talk a ton when we miss the mark regarding words. Greater part of French individuals don’t comprehend English language and just impart in their own language. At the point when visitors visit their country it gets hard for them to impart. This is the place non-verbal correspondence turns out to be significant. Activities help in conveying and letting individuals of various societies collaborate without language. A few motions are world generally same, others may give one thing in one culture and another in another culture. (Reisinger, 2009). Individual space or physical nearness is likewise a significant non-verbal correspondence component. In certain societies, individuals loathe standing excessively close and keep up some separation between them while in others individuals stand really close while talking and think of it as inconsiderate to stand separated. To make culturally diverse correspondence simpler individuals are learning more dialects yet it is likewise critical to investigate different societies and comprehend their non-verbal correspondence. Regardless of whether language aptitudes are not suitable, messages can be passed on if non-verbal communication is utilized accurately. It is said that non-verbal correspondence establishes the principal connection in light of the fact that even before an individual opens the mouth to absolute a word, an impression is made. (LeBaron, 2003). Non-verbal connection is significant during up close and personal correspondence. It can happen through the tangible channels-sight, sound, smell, contact or taste. Audience members process the non-verbal correspondence separated from the verbal one. Charles Darwin was the primary man to lead an investigation of non-verbal correspondence. His book â€Å"The Expressions of the Emotions of Man and Animals was distributed in 1872. In this composing he contended that creatures show feelings on their countenances so they impart a great deal without speaking (Davis, 1999). It is said that verbal correspondence is increasingly significant out in the open talking and non-verbal correspondence is significant in relational connections. Likewise it is viewed as increasingly obliging is thoughts are passed on by non-verbal signals as opposed to verbal, particularly in humiliating circumstances. There are five essential elements of nonverbal substantial conduct in human correspondence: †¢ Express feelings †¢ Express relational mentalities †¢ To go with discourse in dealing with the signs of association among speakers and audience members †¢ Self-introduction of one’s character †¢ Rituals (welcome) Another significant thing is that during non-verbal correspondence it is simpler to get somebody who isn't talking reality. Outward appearances and hand developments tell a great deal. This likewise enables the questioners when individuals to travel to another country looking for employments. An intriguing perspective of non-verbal correspondence is that it is wealthy in magnificence. Social move rivalries are held and various societies play out their own moves. Without talking an entire story is framed and the message is passed on. This is the magnificence of non-verbal correspondence (Storti, 1994). It is imperative to address issues of both verbal and non-verbal correspondence. It is on the grounds that in this serious age the individuals who have an edge over others and are acceptable at everything are fruitful. References: Storti, C. , 1994, â€Å"Cross-Cultural Dialogues†, Available at http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/multifaceted/book/crosscultural-discoursed. html [ Accessed May 12, 2010] Davis, L. ,1999, â€Å"Doing Culture: Cross-Cultural Communication in Action†, Available at http://www. kwintessential. co. uk/culturally diverse/book/correspondence activity. html[ Accessed May 12, 2010] LeBaron, M. ,2003, â€Å"Cross-Cultural Communication, Available at http://www. beyondintractability. organization/article/cross-cultural_communication/[ Accessed May 12, 2010]

Compliance Management System Advancement of Management

Question: Examine about the Report for Compliance Management System for Advancement of Management. Answer: Consistence Management System The consistence the board framework is a strategy through which the storehouse revels the entire buyer passive consent technique. It comprises of the passive consent educational program additionally inspecting of the satisfaction reason, every once in a while which is known as a self-evaluation to take a shot at satisfaction survey. The consistence plan contains the approach and occasions that help the laborers of their activities reminding the law and guidelines (Brigham Houston, 2004). The satisfaction check significance is singular avocation of an organizations trade marvel to choose the consistence plane for that framework with assurance of purchaser laws, just as the approaches and methodology executed proficiently and effectively. Consistence Management Program Consistence the board framework developers must be chosen with singular assignments and support. The scale the technique of framework activity will build up the: The obligation, undertakings just as foundation, and responsibility held for the satisfaction official The second required to invest energy into the framework on consistence framework Prerequisite of more staff A composed diagram of congruity program Consistence Management Objectives To value the estimation of the similarity of the association identified with the strategy through choosing The worth and effective way to deal with the administration towards oversight and organization to the administration of congruity framework. Controlling the arrangements and techniques of the framework consistence program adequately. To keep in record the review of congruity projects to outline the extent of the framework, its capability too its individual obligations (Daft, 1997). To choose the dependability to have the option to be done on the satisfaction association plot. To choose the degree of satisfaction, remaining of the framework, and plausibility in the exchange To give purchaser and CRA rating a record of rules. Component of a CMS An of utilization CMS is contain three commonly subordinate basics: Oversight of board and association framework Satisfaction plan of the framework Consistence review work Noble cause Care Noble cause care is a program for state-commanded and halfway that is subsidized by the express that permits uninsured or some underinsured individuals to profit care persistently at a less expense. Just individuals meeting with explicit pay and resource standards are qualified for get noble cause care (Kotler, 2000). commitments mind is wellness care accommodate open or at a little cost close to diminished benefits patients. The proportion of private center who are the length of gifts care drop from 76% in 1996-97 to 68% in 2004-2005.because of solid explanation behind the misfortune in change of clinical specialist perform example and developing progressively money related Spressure. Steps of executing Charity Care Ensuring the rule to give getting to the offices of clinical treatment against non-benefit association and the treatment preceding the conversation. Ensuring the limits are fitting to strategy dependent on noble cause. Building the fitting degrees of the strategy which is making a portion of the conclusions. Ensuring the capabilities of the projects applied to patients and they are qualified for it. At that point patients can follow whom to lead up. Ensuring the approach to execute and technique of it The approaches of the office most have comparative charges for all. Consistence Program of Charity Care Approach and Events Approach and Events must: Remembering objective and strategies for the cause framework for sake of get-together those objectives Counting all the all together required implied for people to arrange the foundation care framework Auditing and refreshing to control natural changes Great planning of the association organization and group is essential to keep up an effective satisfaction plan of noble cause care. An of utilization satisfaction planning motivation of noble cause care to get routinely update with present and exact data on: Administrations of Charity care towards the patients Client security law and framework, inside arrangement and activities Choosing issue with respect to the Charity care Checking approach of Charity Care Screen is an orderly development to the framework to perceive strategies or some shortcoming in readiness exertion of the guidelines infringement (Robbins Coulter, 2005). Good cause care must select satisfaction official in the readiness, development, and culmination of industry recommendation to increase the triumph openings in screen the elements of framework. Checking consequences of Charity Care A successful control arrangement of Charity care watched the accompanying audits: The outcomes and survey from the patients and the record for They have a productive record filling methodology Promotion and appropriate notification accessible in the framework There are ordinary security laws and guidelines Outsider security administration accessible Giving updates normally and changing the laws rule as often as possible to keep up the consideration office appropriately. Shopper Complaint Response The framework is reacting to patients objections persistently Methodology to build up the charges and afterward to deal with them with brisk reaction. A consistence official of Charity care is delicate of grumbling set up and acting toward locate a brisk choice. Objections are assessed keeping in track consistence program approaches. Noble cause Care is meeting the accompanying measures to guarantee the best outcomes from its framework the executives. Noble cause Care implies free consideration where individuals get good cause subsequent to meeting the accompanying measures towards best outcomes. Giving assistance to the individuals who dont have protection inclusion for those administrations they request. Giving consideration that are underneath the protection inclusion and can't get a legislative assistance. Giving advantages to the individuals who are underneath pay the neediness level. Contemplations of Charity Care A specific conditions that the patient of Charity Care like to consider. Qualification of the patient relies upon the budgetary help to the individuals and that to be maneuvered carefully proficiently Need is given to demands for care of neighborhood and local patients who require uncommon consideration Achievement activity of Charity Care The accomplishment of the framework to ensure their systems are clear and to the point and to enable the patients to reach to their degree of point by offering best help. A decent association with other co-accomplices to run the association is consistently the principle structure to offer the help trade out of luck (Laudon, 2004). The assorted variety estimations of the business to react to the models and submit for a drawn out business by consolation and supporting those out of luck. What's more, the commitment on the correct side of offering the individuals what they anticipate from the administration and to decrease that grievance reaction from the people with the goal that the association continues moving. The cooperation must be profoundly mindful and to be finished with specialists and leeway. An arrangement to accomplish the objectives with best approach gave and security against serious activities will ensure advancement. References Declaration. (2002).Tourism Management,23(4), 433. doi:10.1016/s0261-5177(01)00102-9 Brigham, E., Houston, J. (2004).Fundamentals of money related administration. Bricklayer, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Buzeta, R. (1995).Advance recognition in waterfront zone the board, 1995-1996. VinãÅ"æ'a del Mar, Chile: ICDEVCO. Ignorant, R. (1997).Management. Fortification Worth: Dryden Press. Drucker, P. (1954).The act of the board. New York: Harper Row. Kotler, P. (2000).Marketing administration. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Laudon, K., Laudon, J. (2004).Management data frameworks. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Robbins, S., Coulter, M. (2005).Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. Schermerhorn, J. (2005).Management. New York: J. Wiley. Stoner, J. (1982).Management. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall.

We All Scream For Ice Cream Essay -- essays research papers fc

We as a whole Scream For Ice Cream Who in their correct brain could disapprove of the overwhelming taste of frozen yogurt? Being one of my most loved bites, I will concede that a container of frozen yogurt never remains in the ice chest for over seven days. I can recall continually having frozen yogurt as an exceptionally unique treat when I was more youthful, generally chocolate and vanilla. These days there are such a significant number of kinds of dessert from straightforward chocolate to cola seasoned. Frozen yogurt may not be as mainstream as you might suspect it is so here are some pleasant realities the show exactly the amount us American’s love this basic sweet. As of now, frozen yogurt is America’s second most loved sweet as indicated by a 1997 Nielsen study. About 2.3 billion dollars of frozen yogurt is sold in the America’s every year. Its opposition, the treat, holds 3.6 billion dollars in deals for each year. The United States is at present the main nation on the planet for utilization of dessert. Its adherents are New Zealand, Denmark, and Sweden, to give some examples. I expend a lot of frozen yogurt, however to find that every American devours about 23.2 quarts of dessert a year I was stunned! Remember this is only a normal in light of the fact that in the Northern Central States they expend over 41.7 quarts a year. For myself frozen yogurt is best delighted in a radiant day when you just can't appear to get away from the warmth, this is the reason dessert deals are the most elevated in the months July (National Ice Cream Month) and August. I don't need any of my perusers to attempt to reveal to me they do no... We as a whole Scream For Ice Cream Essay - papers examine papers fc We as a whole Scream For Ice Cream Who in their correct psyche could disapprove of the overpowering taste of frozen yogurt? Being one of my most loved bites, I will concede that a container of frozen yogurt never remains in the refrigerator for over seven days. I can recall continually having frozen yogurt as an extremely unique treat when I was more youthful, for the most part chocolate and vanilla. These days there are such a significant number of kinds of frozen yogurt from basic chocolate to cola enhanced. Frozen yogurt may not be as famous as you might suspect it is so here are some great realities the show exactly the amount us American’s love this basic treat. As of now, frozen yogurt is America’s second most loved treat as indicated by a 1997 Nielsen overview. About 2.3 billion dollars of frozen yogurt is sold in the America’s every year. Its opposition, the treat, holds 3.6 billion dollars in deals for every year. The United States is as of now the main nation on the planet for utilization of dessert. Its devotees are New Zealand, Denmark, and Sweden, to give some examples. I expend a lot of frozen yogurt, yet to find that every American devours about 23.2 quarts of dessert a year I was stunned! Remember this is only a normal in light of the fact that in the Northern Central States they expend over 41.7 quarts a year. For myself frozen yogurt is best appreciated a bright day when you just can't appear to get away from the warmth, this is the reason dessert dea ls are the most noteworthy in the months July (National Ice Cream Month) and August. I don't need any of my perusers to attempt to disclose to me they do no...

Dos And Donts Of Sorority Date Parties

Well, you made it you passed the sorority recruitment: the endless interviews, walking in uncomfortable shoes, socializing, and doing all sorts of activities. You are now part of a sorority, and being in a sorority entails a lot of perks and privileges, including invitations to exclusive parties. The first party you attend as part of a sorority is most likely the Sorority Date Party.Sorority date parties, as its name suggests, is a dinner party where you are encouraged to bring a date for a night with your sorority sisters. The venue is usually off-campus, and you have to wear semi-formal attire. If you are someone who is not seeing someone at the moment, then most likely you will have a hard time enjoying this function. You might have to drag someone you just met or just started seeing as your date, which can get awkward. There is an option to go alone, and depending on your sorority, this means you allow your sorority sisters to choose your date for you somewhat like a blind date . This could be a good thing, but it also means you have to endure another round of making first impressions and small talk with someone unfamiliar to you. If you are lucky, it might hit off to something special. However, thats not always the case.Sorority date parties require a lot of preparation. It is likely not going to end up perfectly on your first night, but rest assured if you are prepared enough, then you might actually have fun or at least feel secure that you did not embarrass yourself before the day ends. With that being said, here is a guide of dos and donts on your first sorority date parties.Do wear comfortable clothesIts your first sorority party and you are required to wear semi-formal attire. Its not something you can typically do at any given situation, so any opportunity for you to dress up and look your best, you make sure you give it a 110%. And there is nothing wrong with that, but you are going to wear that dress all the entire evening. Wouldnt it be best to wear a dress from your wardrobeyou will be comfortable in?There is usually a theme to a sorority date party, but regardless of that, you should make sure your dress is beautiful and comfortable at the same time. Your shoes are of particular importance. Wear shoes that wont hurt your feet if you have it on for too long. Go for clothing that will help you stand out, but wont upset you at the end of the night. Pretty does not have to hurt like what Beyonc said.A way to test if your outfit is comfortable and doing its job is by wearing it before the sorority date party. Wear it for a full day at home or to another event just to check if its okay and comfortable. Do not worry about wearing it again and people seeing you in the same outfit twice. There is no shame in that at all. People do not expect you to throw away your clothes after you wear them once, especially if it is very expensive.Do go with someone you are comfortable withJust like your clothes, you have to make sure you bring a date you are completely comfortable with. It does not have to be a romantic partner you can invite a friend. Nowadays, sororities are not that strict with their rules. They allow you to bring friends or bring no one at all. You can stay by your sorority sisters side throughout the night and just have fun with them.You will be sharing a long bus ride with your date, and how you go about it will set the mood for the rest of the night. You are in luck if you can bring a long-time partner or a person you have been dating for quite some time. For some people, finding someone to invite will be difficult. However, do not feel any pressure to bring a romantic date. You want to end your night with fun and look back on the details without cringing. What better way to do that but by having fun and being surrounded by people you love, no matter romantically or platonically.Bring someone who can support you and will be able to encourage you. You want someone to be there for you when things ar e not going the way you want them to be for emotional support. Whomever you bring, make sure they make things better and not worse.Do not drink too muchIts common for a sorority party to have a bit of alcohol in the mix. College drinking culture is embedded in every college social event. In a sorority date party, there will be beer or wine for you and your date. However, since it is a semi-formal dinner then you are still obliged to be on your best behavior.Be mindful of your alcohol intake throughout the party. If you know yourself when you are drunk, then you might want to steer clear from it or have a little bit to lessen inhibitions. Make sure you leave a good impression to your sorority sisters and their guests. Show them you can have fun, but not to the point of embarrassing yourself. Do not stress yourself outA sorority date party could be something you have been looking forward to ever since you decided you want to join a sorority. That means you have been preparing over thi s one particular night for months or years already, and you want everything to be perfect. That on top of other academic priorities might leave your burnt out and tired for when the night comes. You want to enjoy your date party, and all that stress will hold you back from doing so.Before your sorority date party, pamper yourself with a trip to the salon and get a massage. Do activities that will help you loosen up. Date parties are meant to be fun and a way for you to enjoy a weekend with your sorority sisters and their loved ones. Let your first sorority date party experience be filled with good memories and relaxation.Do not go unpreparedYou have to plan, not just about the sorority date party, but also when it comes to coursework that will coincide with it. You have to be conscious of all the paper you need to pass or exams you need to review for that might affect how you enjoy the party. Make sure you have everything in place and ready to pass before you go to a party.Keep a pl anner with you at all times and pencil in every important detail you need to be mindful of. Being a student should be a top priority and your sorority have to come in a close second. It can feel like being in a sorority is a full-time job, so you have to be on top of your courseworkand extra-curricular activities. It is not going to be easy, but you will get used to it eventually. You want your university years to be filled with good memories, and not of those where you were lacking as a student and a sorority sister. When youre always prepared, you will look back at memories with no regret. Let the good times prevail over the bad.Need help with your coursework?You will have to dedicate a lot of time with your sorority, and thats okay. You have spent so much effort and money getting into your sorority; you do not want it to go to waste just because you chose to prioritize one over the other. Especially when you are required to maintain a GPA to avoid getting dropped from the sororit y at the same time you need to show your absolute devotion and involvement to your sorority house through philanthropy and other activities. Luckily, might be able to help you. Our expert writers can write custom essays, custom term papers, custom research papers, or proofread and edit your work. You are not alone in your journey to leaving a mark in your sorority and university will be here for you.Contact usfor any questions, and we would gladly assist.

The Kingdom Of Heaven And Jesus s Mission On Earth

One dominant study from the New Testament has been The Kingdom of Heaven as it is believed to be the central theme within the novel and Jesus’s mission on earth. The phrase ‘Kingdom of Heaven’ is supposed to be the Kingdom of God, in which those who are spiritual believe in his existence in their hearts leaving this ‘kingdom’ as the place where God is unfolding his divine plans (Walvoord, 2015). Christians believe that God is the creator of all things and sovereign over the universe however the Islamic faith believe that God sent prophets to teach his laws and one was Muhammad. Christian texts represent the concept of the Kingdom of Heaven to be the exercise of God’s power and dominion. The Christian faith in contrast to Islamic beliefs, ow sacred texts are interpreted with parables, how they represent beliefs and how religious founders taught will be discussed throughout this essay. The Bible is a sacred texts to religions such as Christianity, it not only holds stories and rules or expectations to follow but hidden messages from God about the Kingdom of Heaven. The Parable of the Sower represents four different ways the word of God from the Kingdom of Heaven can be interpreted by evaluating the condition of four types of hearts from humanity. Jesus explained to the people that a farmer had gone out to sow his seeds. Referring to Matthew 13 versus 4-6, explains the first two kinds of people. â€Å"As he was scattering the seed, some fell along the path, and the birds came andShow MoreRelatedThe Kingdom Of God : Central Message Of Jesus1283 Words   |  6 PagesThe kingdom of God was the central message of Jesus. The term â€Å"kingdom of God† is used very frequently throughout the gospels. For example: â€Å"The time is fulfilled and the kingdom of God has come near; repent and believe in the good news† Mark 1:14-15. In reply Jesus declared, â⠂¬Å"I tell you the truth, no one can see the kingdom of God unless he is born again.† â€Å"How can a man be born when he is old?† Nicodemus asked. â€Å"Surely he cannot enter a second time into his mother s womb to be born!† Jesus answeredRead MoreChristian Church And The Mormon Church1326 Words   |  6 PagesAlthough The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS or Mormon Church) considers itself unequivocally as a Christian church, there are number major differences between traditional or mainstream Christians and the Mormon Church. This research paper primarily focuses on identifying major areas of differences between the mainstream branches of Christianity (Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant - as a group) and the Mormon Church. Origin Christianity traces its origin to Jerusalem in approximatelyRead MoreThe God Is Blessed By God1313 Words   |  6 PagesGod has in store for us the believers. So what does it really mean to be blessed by God? Let s start by remembering how God blessed Abraham. The story of Abraham is one of the most powerful stories of faith ever. Thousands of years have passed and his testimony still changes and has an impact on so many people. God literally asked Abraham to leave everything behind; his country, people and his father s household and go to a new land, completely unfamiliar to him. Abraham, without knowing where heRead MoreThe Holy And Resurrection Of Jesus Christ995 Words   |  4 Pagespurpose to the Church who, like a bride, awaits her groom. The eschatological reality of the coming Kingdom of God, inaugurated in the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, presently breaks forth to forms the Church for its mission. As Aleksandr Schmemann writes, â€Å"the Church itself is a leitourgia, a ministry, a calling to act in this world after the fashion of Christ, to bear testimony to Him and His kingdom.†1 This leitourgia is embodied in the central practice of the Church, instituted by the LordRead MoreGod s Rescue Operation By Wright Essay1274 Words   |  6 Pagesglorious â€Å"rescue operation† p lanned, raising â€Å"all His people to new bodily life to live in it†. (Wright 58) God has begun this magnificent rescue operation utilizing Israel, the Church, and Jesus to complete his plan. Through these three, Wright believes that God intends for the â€Å"kingdom of the world to become kingdom of God† in which â€Å"the beauty of this world will be enfolded in the beauty of God†, only completing his rescue operation â€Å"when the present world is rescued, healed, restored, and completedRead MoreThe World s Largest Religion1291 Words   |  6 PagesFinal Exam Essay Christianity is the world’s largest religion (Stark, R. 2012. 494). Currently with around two billion followers worldwide who are focused on Jesus Christ. He lived in the â€Å"Holy Land† known as Israel, two-thousand years ago. Christianity outstandingly has a great reach on the world; Christmas is celebrated as the birth of Jesus Christ which has become a government holiday in the United States. Christianity having such a large number of followers is the only religion in the world withRead MoreThe Book Of Revelation By John The Apostle1726 Words   |  7 Pagesbelievers by showing the final outcome of God s plan, showing the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecies, and revealing Christ in all his glory. John writes to encourage the faithful to resist the demands of emperor worship and hold fast to God s promises: that the final showdown between God and Satan is imminent, the believers are sealed against spiritual harm and will be vindicated when Christ returns, the w icked will be forever destroyed, and God s people will enter an eternity of glory and blessednessRead MoreThe Orthodox Christianity Essay1332 Words   |  6 Pagesdistinct in the way they relate to each other (Mere Catholicism). The Son of God, in the name of Jesus, has his main task on Earth which is to reveal the face of the Father as stated in John 14:8: Whoever sees me, sees the Father. This suggests that everything He does is a mirror of the Father. His revelation of the Father through His prayer can be described as reaching down into depths beyond words (Jesus of Nazareth reading). These prayers tell the following about the Father: (1) He is a real presenceRead MoreMission Theology Of The Bible1203 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstand â€Å"Mission Theology† we first have separate the two words. Mission is the vocation or calling of a religion organization, especially a Christian one, to go out into the world and spread its faith (Oxford Dictionaries). Theology is the study of God or the study of the nature of God and the relationship between the human and divine. In the textbook we use for class which is called â€Å"Introducing World Missions† we are told that the word â€Å"missions† (which ending with the letter â€Å"s†) is the wordRead MoreN Africa Block Of Islam1405 Words   |  6 Pagespublished strategies as it relates to the Kanuri community, in the Chad region with the message of Jesus. The Kanuri has been neglected mostly in part to the being not able to reach them. The lack of these people should be unsetting to all that believe in doing mission work, It seem that someone within the last thousand years could have evangelize this community. Keep in mind Jesus died for all people, and it s because of this those that are redeem must at all cost we must reach them. This I have made

Causes and Consequences of Microbial Communit †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Causes and Consequences of Microbial Communit. Answer: Introduction: A microorganism is a microscopic organism which may be unicellular or multicellular. The scientific study of microorganism stated with their observation under a microscope by van Leeuwenhoek in 1670s and also Louis pasture found that microorganisms were capable of causing food spoilage by performing the spontaneous generation theory in 1850s. Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the disease like cholera, anthrax, and tuberculosis in the 1880s. Microorganisms, comprise the unicellular organisms and are very diverse including bacteria, and archeae that are the domain of life of microorganisms. Microorganisms are grouped as eukaryotes like fungi and algae and prokaryotes like protozoans and protests. Microbes are very important in the culture and health of human, serving to produce enzymes, production of fuels, bioactive compounds, treatment of sewage and fermenting food. They are an essential tool as a model organism in biology and have been used in bioterrorism and biological warfare. Microbes are the component of the soil fertility and inhuman they make up human microbiota and also are pathogens for infectious disease(Acton, 2015). In this report, it is explained how microorganism is able to impact in the civil engineering projects. In the recent years, the understanding of the biodeterorations and befouling processes in the civil engineering has increased. These processes involving the bacteria activity and microorganisms are of very important to every civil engineer in the range of the natural environment and artificial systems they engineer. Examples of where the processes of microorganism have significant effects include: corrosion, deterioration of the materials of construction and the concrete materials, damage to the abstraction systems of groundwater flow in bumps and pipes in pressure, clogging of the drainage and irrigation system, rock or soil alteration and also production of harmful gases(Brar, 2015). Microorganisms in infrastructure Microbial induced corrosion is caused by the microorganisms that attack nonmetallic and metallic materials. For the major infrastructure like motorway bridges, pipelines of gas and liquid transmission, ships and railways and present threat that lead to high cost of repair. microscopic organisms are damaging the gas and oil industries that are types of infrastructure, bacteria that cause corrosion damage billions of dollars of gas and oil infrastructure every year .corrosion caused by bacteria leads failure of the materials which is very costly, delay in the productions business interruption and accidental release into environment(Clement, 2010). Pipelines and other gas and oil equipment are exposed to the soil, seawater, and freshwater and are very vulnerable because of corrosion caused by the bacteria. Unchecked bacteria can grow quickly and rapidly and as they grow the corrosion rate also accelerates. There are many species known for corrosion in aluminum and copper alloys, stainless steel, and carbon steel. Examples are: Bacteria that reduce sulphate: their bacteria are found in sea water and in most cases cause the corrosion damage to the infrastructure of pipelines, oil rigs and other structures. They are species that can thrive in anaerobic areas. Their damage is as a result of the production of the hydrogen sulphide in their metabolic processes as a byproduct and causes chemical reactions with iron that degrades the metal. Some also attach metals directly through electron withdrawal from the iron through the corrosion influenced by electrical microbial(Crisp, 2012). Bacteria that are related to iron: these are associated with attacking the stainless steel in the pipelines and other equipment of infrastructure. They use manganese or ferrous iron in their process of metabolism in the weakening metal. Bacteria that produce acid: these produce acids like acetic acid, carbonic acid, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid that corrodes metals used in building infrastructure(D, 2013) The corrosion of the metals has serious economic impacts on the modern society. There is the cost that is directly related to the designs, manufacture, inspections and construction of the corrosion protection. Solution and prevention techniques of microorganisms attack Giving the bacterial that corrodes the new method of medicine, by applying antifouling microorganisms to tackle the bacteria responsible for the corrosion will result to a greener economy and will be a friendly way of fighting corrosion and maintaining infrastructure. Also through using the anti-fouling microorganisms through substituting chemical compounds greenhouse gases will not be released to the environment. microorganism influenced corrosion can also be prevented by regular cleaning of the mechanics if possible, they can also be treated by chemical but not in excess to prevent the environment from the damages too from chemicals. Complete dry storage and drainage can also apply Silica gel and buffers can adjust the relative humidity. The buffer will absorb and release moisture to the atmosphere. Dehumidifiers can be used to reduce the content of the moisture on air.(Crisp, 2012). The growth and impacts of these bacterial also depend on their environmental condition which can be divided into three groups, they include Physical environment: the most common dominant factors of the physical environment is temperature, water potential and redox. Bacteria that reduce sulphate are found in the aerobic environment and also they survive and do better in high-temperature environments that are found in unconventional and conventional locations of drilling inside the pipeline infrastructure of oil and gas. Bacteria that are related to iron are found in the environment with the zone of transition where the water without oxygen from the anaerobic environment flows into the aerobic environment. Bacteria that produce acids are found in the acid environment(D, 2013). Microorganism in geomechanics In many years, the improving the soil properties has been established and is based on the use of the microorganisms. Microorganisms are very important in the clay minerals and a fine particle that is grained. The monolayer bacteria can form a surface of minerals within seconds. The microfossils presence in the fine-grained soil as the particles of soil can have the effect on the soil mass behavior, and deviate from some correlations like a high limit of liquid, porosity and compressibility. There is evidence that activities of the microorganisms play a role of calcite precipitation and crystallization. Example of the microorganism that precipitates calcium calcite is the Bacillus species. The bacterias of alkalophyles produce ammonia by using urea as their source of energy and increases environments pH causing calcium ion and carbonates to precipitate the optimum temperature for the precipitation is 25 degrees Celsius(Engineers, 2012). There are many numbers of the studies on the effects of bioremediation on the stiffness and strength of ground and soil. Microbial processes were concluded to be the cause of mineralization, soil weathering, soil grain and fabric surface properties and soil formation. Restriction of the pore size inherent in relation to microorganisms size limits the sedimentation post bioengineering of clay soil(Engineers, 2013). The interaction between minerals and microorganisms can facilitate biogeochemical process and reaction which is the research that is important in the exogenic geochemistry. The way in which microorganisms affect the process of the rock formation is the most important in the geology department. Bacteria activate sedimentation and crystallization of many sediments and minerals that are formed through weathering. In every case, the composition of chemical of microfossils is same to that of the matrix of rock. Comprising main oxides that form rocks such as silicon, potassium, magnesium and aluminum. This provides confirmation that complex of microbiology is coeval with the host rock. The microorganisms in the rock functions as catalysts. The decay of minerals and their transfer to the material that looks like clay happened through the bacterial precipitation(Engineers, 2013). Bacteria also produce substances that are sticky in the polysaccharide form that helps in binding soil particles together into aggregates that are small and leading to the structural stability of the soil. Hence microorganisms are very useful as they improve the soil stability aggregates infiltration of water, and the capacity to hold water. Microorganisms participate in the early stages of the formation of soil. The surface of their rock may be colonized by organisms that are microscopic, that is microorganisms, lichen which is a microorganism are normally the first to colonize the rock surface that is exposed(Gopi, 2013). These microorganisms release the acid which helps on rock dissolution and enables the organic debris accumulation. Over time some organisms may colonies the same place facilitated by the brought changes by lichen. Afterward, the rock surface is crumbed, etched, eroded and cracked. Rain and wind erosion combined by the action of the microorganisms continue to break pieces of smaller rocks. Also, microorganisms stabilize soil in places that are dry without the vegetation cover. In the places that land is good, microorganisms such as lichens form the crusts on the soil which is thin to provide the resistance to wind erosion that is mild and raindrops to help in stabilizing soil particles disturbed by animals(Gunnison, 2014). Microorganisms facilitated the soil aggregation. Some bacteria and fungi produce gum of polysaccharides that cause the particles of soil to attach to each other. These gums are flexible and the chain has carbon molecules and makes any contact across the soil particles surface. Some of the microorganisms also attract the particles of the soil because they charge that is electrostatic or another surface that can be polarized. This attracts the bacteria to the soil particle because of the opposite charge, these forces contribute to the soil aggregated that help in the stability of the ground because it prevents the soil and ground from becoming loose(Horikawa, 2013). Environmental conditions that favour the activities of the microorganisms Most of the microorganism that is helping in the process of soli stability, land, and ground or the geomechanics are in the soil, so they occupy soil environment. Like the species of Bacillus work better in the alkaline environment. Modern activities can have the impact that is important on the materials of the building and their durability. It is hence good to understand the activities in order to select strategies that are proper for the treatment, monuments and the restoration of the building. In the todays buildings, microorganisms present a challenge since they are sources of pollution. The growth of these, microorganisms like fungi and bacteria act as indoor bio pollutant(Howsam, 2013). Both the modern and historic buildings are subject to the derivative and deteriorative action of microorganisms. The growth of higher plants and mosses are recognized. The structure of the root penetrates and affect the structure of the building. The growth of the plants happens after the protozoa have been established by the growth of the activities of derivative microorganisms. The activities of microorganisms are the potential threats to the maintenance of the buildings that are modern, cultural and historic properties(Jones, 2015). The microbial biofilms and microbial association cannot be visible but sometimes can be visible. All the surface can be coloured and the discolouration and soiling of the building are shown in the biofilms but also the invisible biofilms are the threat because they produce substances such as acids cause the surface of the material minerals degradation and cause flaking coatings. The colonization rate is affected by biological, environmental factors. The intensity of light, temperature, humidity, and the chemical and physical nature plays an important role. Normally the stones of low permeability are resistant to the attacks of degradations of microorganisms. But every rock is vulnerable to the formation of biofilms(Kai, 2014). Pigmented microorganisms such as algae, fungi, bacteria, because the surface decolonization to the historic and cultural building also they cause the degradation of the materials through the metabolic activities(Torgal, 2014). Biodegradation and biodeterorations cannot be prevented by the creating the surface on the building stones because these coatings are the subjects to the growth of microorganisms. Nevertheless, the surfaces that are smooth, hard and less porous like varnished stone and the basalt are more resistant to the colonization of the microorganisms. The biofilms that resulted should be regularly removed using the same methods that are friendly to the environment and nonabrasive materials to reduce the activities of microorganisms(Nemergut, 2013). Painting may be exploited by the microbial species. Many of the painting components are materials that can degrade easily. The easel painting has molecules that microorganisms may use a food for growth like sugar, protein, and gum(Silva, 2011). Given the wide range of inorganic and organic molecules that are available in both paintings, many microorganisms can colonize these places as long as the environmental conditions are favourable like pH, temperature, and humidity and light. Microorganism growth on the paintings may cause aesthetic damage that must consider stains, discolouration, and the biofilms formation on the surface that is painted(Nemergut, 2013). Structural damage might also occur like the disintegration and crack of the paint layer, the formation of paint blisters, and degradation of the polymers that are supporting resulting to detachment of the layers of paint from the support(Pfafflin, 2012). The effects of microorganisms on the building of historic The effects that were observed Material Activity of microorganisms Major microorganisms Water retention All Physical presence All Discoloration All Physical presence Fungi, cyanobacteria and algae Material disaggregation Stone, stone wood, and concrete Growth of firmament form Lichens, algae, fungi and cyanobacteria Degradation and corrosion Mortar, concrete and stone Production of acid Bacteria, fungi and lichen Structure weakening and dissolution Chelating and mobilizing iron Bricks, stone. concrete and motor All Stimulation of the growth of higher organisms on the building Physical presence Surface that is clean Photosynthetic bacteria and fungi Material breakdown Painted surface and wood Enzymes that are hydrolytic Bacteria and fungi Patinas formation Stones Oxidation of the acids cation production Manganese and iron-oxidizing bacteria, fungi, lichens, and cyanobacteria Dissolution of the alkaline Stone Hydrogen ion uptake by the cells Cyanobacteria and algae Silicates layers disruption Soapstone and mica Polyols liberations All Environmental Condition Favoring the Growth of Microorganisms The microorganisms are able to survive the rehydration and drying that is continuous on the building surfaces that is exposed. Some also produce cells for survival some also are able to survive a high period of desiccation and this is why they can colonize the walls exposed to the external environment(Russell, 2010). Many of the microorganisms are capable of producing pigments for the UV light protection and can result in the staining that is normally present to on the surface of the building. Some microorganisms like cyanobacteria and algae are always coloured, that is when active and change to black grey colour when dead. In the buildings, the pollutant layers that are organics may serve as nutrients for the growth of microorganisms. Thus affection the deterioration of both physical and chemical(Publications, 2010). The best way to prevent the growth of microorganisms on the buildings is to regulate and deny the spore by regulating relative humidity. When the relative humidity is high, dehumidifiers can be used to reduce the content of the moisture on air. Adequate air circulation should also be maintained to aim a good temperature that dont favour the growth of microorganisms. Problems that can lead to the conditions of the environment should be regulated like repairing the leaking pipes, cracked windows and a cracked wall. Silica gel and buffers can adjust the relative humidity. The buffer will absorb and release moisture to the atmosphere, Conclusion This report is about the impacts of microorganism on various levels such as building, infrastructure and geomechanics, microorganism have both positive and negative impacts on these levels, it is well written in every part the environmental conditions that favour the activities of microorganism and also how the effects can be prevented. A microorganism is a microscopic organism which may be unicellular or multicellular. The scientific study of microorganism stated with their observation under a microscope by van Leeuwenhoek in 1670s and also Louis pasture found that microorganisms were capable of causing food spoilage by performing the spontaneous generation theory in 1850s. Robert Koch discovered that microorganisms caused the disease like cholera, anthrax, and tuberculosis in the 1880s. Microorganisms, comprise the unicellular organisms and are very diverse including bacteria, and archeae that are the domain of life of microorganisms. Microbes are very important in the culture and health of human, serving to produce enzymes, production of fuels, bioactive compounds, treatment of sewage and fermenting food. They are an essential tool as the model organism in biology and have been used in bioterrorism and biological warfare. Microbes are the component of the soil fertility and inhuman they make up human microbiota and also are pathogens for infectious disease. Bibliography Acton, Q. A., 2015. Issues in Environmental Economics, Engineering, and Technology. Paris: ScholarlyEditions. Brar, S. K., 2015. Nanomaterials in the Environment. Colorado: American Society of Civil Engineers. Clement, J., 2010. Influence of Distribution System Infrastructure on Bacterial Regrowth. Paris: IWA Publishing. Crisp, T., 2012. civil engineering. Michigan: John Wiley Sons. D, R., 2013. International Conference on Frontiers of Energy. Colorado: DEStech Publications. Engineers, A. S. o. C., 2012. American Society of Civil Engineers Research Project on Impact of Civil Engineering Projects. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers. Engineers, A. S. o. C., 2013. Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers. New York: American Society of Civil Engineers. Gopi, S., 2013. Basic Civil Engineering. New Delhi: Pearson Education India. Gunnison, D., 2014. Microbial Processes in Reservoirs. Paris: Springer Science Business Media. Horikawa, K., 2013. Civil Engineering - Volume I. New York: EOLSS Publications. Howsam, P., 2013. Microbiology in Civil Engineering. Michigan: CRC Press. Jones, J., 2015. Advances in Microbial Ecology. Colerado: Springer Science Business Media. Kai, L., 2014. Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering. Moscow: World Scientific. Nemergut, D. R., 2013. The causes and consequences of microbial community structure. Michigan: Frontiers E-books. Pfafflin, J. R., 2012. Encyclopedia of Environmental Science and Engineering. Paris: CRC Press. Publications, R., 2010. Advances in Civil Engineering Materials. Michigan: RILEM Publications. Russell, J. S., 2010. Perspectives in Civil Engineering: Commemorating the 150th Anniversary of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Michigan: ASCE Publications. Silva, M. R., 2011. International RILEM Conference on Microbial Impact on Building Materials. Paris: RILEM Publications. Singh, D. N., 2017. Contemporary Issues in Geoenvironmental Engineering. Colorado: Springer International Publishing. Torgal, F. P., 2014. Biotechnologies and Biomimetics for Civil Engineering. Michigan: Springer.

Water Pollution Essays (479 words) - Ocean Pollution,

Water Pollution The earth is facing a lot of environmental problems today, these problems are caused by humans. In the search for the technology, humans begin to improve their lives without giving attention to what this development has caused to the other types of life on the face of the earth. All aspects of life on the earth have been affected, as well as the sources of water. Sea and river pollution is one of the problems that resulted from the new technology, and humans should solve very fast to save our planet. Water is one of the most important sources of life in the earth a lot of animals live in seas, rivers and lakes. In addition water in also important for humans, not just for drinking, seas are one of our main sources of food today, for example fish. Sea pollution has become one of the biggest problems facing our environment. This pollution which is caused by the oil tankers or the oil spills could cause serious damage to the lives of many kinds of creatures that live in the sea. People were happy when the oil was first discovered. For them it was a new source of energy that would help to made life a lot easier, no one ever thought that oil could cause so much damage, but it became clear when oil tankers began to dump oil in to the sea. The oil which was dumped into the sea for different reasons, could case a lot of damage to the life in that sea, for example a thick spot of oil could cover the surface of the sea and causes screening of the sun rays from the sea. That screening can case the death of many of the sea creatures, because most of the sea creatures depend on the sun for their lives. A lot of beaches are destroyed because of the oil spots, too. The oil spot finally ends up on the beach. A lot of birds that live on the beach will face death because they lost their source of food. People will be affected too. A lot of fish will die so there will be no fishing. In some countries where they depend on sea water for drinking, they are going to have problems purifying. Rivers were facing the same problem too. The chemicals that have been used in manufacturing should not be dumped in lakes or rivers, because of the animals that live in these rivers and lakes. In some countries they polluted some of their big lakes because of the big factories that were built beside them in order to throw the waste of chemicals on these lakes, and the result was big loss of natural life. However, it is a big problem, we still can not stop it from happening, but we can reduce it by enforcing stronger laws to stop these oil tankers and these factories from dumping oil and waste-water in to the seas and rivers. Our environment is important to us, so we should take care of it.

Can torture ever be admissible Essays

Can torture ever be admissible Essays Can torture ever be admissible Essay Can torture ever be admissible Essay Torture has been used as an instrument to crush the will of the enemy through millennia. The intensity and bitterness it has created has through the ages, evoked public outcries; to no avail. The 21st Century has begun with the world’s only Super Power using torture in the war against terror, which has justifiably sent shock waves throughout civilized societies. The issue of use of torture as an instrument of State policy is being hotly debated from the pragmatic, legal, philosophical and religious perspective.The thorny issue of torture as an instrument of State policy to extract information and use it as a tool to interrogate potentially dangerous terrorists or bad elements in society has come into sharp focus in the aftermath of horrendous images in the international media of Guantanamo Bay, Cuba and Abu Ghraib prison, Iraq. That Americans, the conscience keepers of nations, were involved in acts of utter barbarity has shocked the world. Religious and human rights groups ha ve made common cause to enlighten the ‘enlightened’ of the inherent danger of letting loose terror as an instrument of State policy. A fiery debate rages.According to Scott Allen, M.D. of Physicians for Human Rights, torture has led to false and misleading testimony with devastating consequences. â€Å"The idea that torture yields reliable information is highly questionable as victims will often say whatever it is they think their interrogators want to hear to stop the torture†.In a brilliant expose of the apologists of torture, Kenneth S. Pope in a chapter titled Torture,† in the Encyclopedia of Women and Gender: Sex Similarities and Differences and the Impact of Society on Gender, edited by Judith Worell and published by Academic Press, has listed and countered every argument of the apologists of torture.The most common strategies of accommodation, acceptance, or justification of torture rely on:i.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   State authority and formal or ders: The UN Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, states, â€Å"An order from a superior officer or a public authority may not be invoked as a justification of torture.ii.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Use of abstraction and linguistic transformation: The horrors of torture can be obscured by achieving a sufficient level of abstraction, euphemism, and other forms of linguistic transformation. Repeatedly in the Nuremberg trials, the most heinous forms of torture carried out by Nazi doctors, concentration camp guards, soldiers, and others were characterized dismissively by the defendants as medical matters.iii.  Ã‚  Ã‚   They dont count: This strategy creates the illusion that the people targeted for torture are not actually people but rather genetic or cultural trash, of no inherent importance.iv.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Justice is possible only when those who have caused great suffering are made to endure great suffering: Torture is seen as righteo us and well-deserved revenge. In some instances, this is portrayed as an eye for an eye philosophy.v.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Torture is appropriate not because of what people have done but because of what they will, might, or can do.vi.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Torturers as the relatively helpless victims of external forces beyond their control.vii.   The most common rationales for engaging in torture are to obtain information that supposedly could not be gathered by other means. Those supporting torture may claim that subjecting an individual to a relatively brief experience of torture may be necessary for a greater good: preventing the loss of a great many lives.viii.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Those who are aware of torture may come to accept its presence in their community or state by viewing it as something that is none of their business.ix.  Ã‚  Ã‚   One of the bluntest ways that people can accommodate torture in their midst is to deny that it exists, usually by dismissing an y signs, reports, or evidence of torture as lies, exaggerations, or mistakes.Pope has cautioned that while â€Å"understanding and preventing torture requires countering effectively the strategies of acceptance, accommodation, and justification, they may well carry special appeal in the context of inertia, noninvolvement, and the costs of recognizing tortures realities†.Pope has quoted Harvard psychiatrist Judith Herman:It is very tempting to take the side of the perpetrator. All the perpetrator asks is that the bystander do nothing. He appeals to the universal desire to see, hear, and speak no evil. The victim, on the contrary, asks the bystander to share the burden of pain. The victim demands action, engagement, and remembering.Pope has raised two pertinent questions: What are we doing to understand and prevent torture and help its victims? If we are not doing all we can, why?Democrat Patrick Leahy, US Senator from Vermont, in an article titled, â€Å"There is no justifica tion for torture† published in the Boston Globe of June 28, 2004, has rebuffed arguments centering on necessity and self-defense as justifications for torture.If torture is justified to obtain information from a suspected terrorist, why not from his wife or children? Do we really want to usher in a new world that justifies inhumane, immoral and cruel treatment as any means to an end? We must reject the dangerous notion that torture can be legally justified.†Amoral pragmatism should be shunned. The question each one of us should ask ourselves is: Can our country adopt the high moral ground against another if it uses torture to gather information? It would not be inappropriate to muster an array of quotations from philosophers and thinkers, good souls, who have left an indelible imprint on history and whose thoughts have the power to raise sunken spirits.The degree of civilization in a society can be judged by entering its prisons (Fyodor Dostoyevsky).Never do anything aga inst conscience even if the state demands it (Albert Einstein).To sin is a human business, to justify sins is a devilish business (Leo Nikolaevich Tolstoy).Liberty has never come from the government. Liberty has always come from the subjects of government. The history of liberty is the history of resistance. The history of liberty is a history of the limitation of governmental power, not the increase of it (Woodrow Wilson).In the light of the foregoing, only an insane voice would plead for the admissibility of torture as a deliberate instrument of State policy.Scott Allen in a question-answer session hosted by Amnesty International described the symptoms of torture on victims as depression, anxiety, difficulty with concentration and memory, hypersensitivity to external stimuli, hallucinations and perceptual distortions. â€Å"In severe cases, these symptoms can lead to personality changes that can interfere with daily function and the maintenance of social and intimate relationship s. Persistence of symptoms and recovery can vary widely from case to case, but often may take years and even decades.†Torture, says Scott Allen, is clearly dehumanizing and damaging to the victim, but it can be just as damaging to the mental well being of the torturer.Here it would be appropriate to quote Booker T. Washington, â€Å"You cant hold a man down without staying down with him.†And Friedrich Nietzche: â€Å"Whoever fights monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster. And when you look into an abyss, the abyss also looks into you†.Pope Johan Paul II has written:The thought of Jesus being stripped, beaten and derided until his final agony on the cross should always prompt a Christian to protest against similar treatment of their fellow beings. Of their own accord, disciples of Christ will reject torture, which nothing can justify, which causes humiliation and suffering to the victim and degrades the tormentor.George Hunsinger , professor at Princeton Seminary, and a leading voice in the Presbyterian movement to oppose torture, delivered a pointed sermon in 2006 in response to theologian and Nazi fighter Dietrich Bonhoeffer’s eye-opening question, Who is Jesus Christ for us today?   Hunsinger’s answer is that Christ today is found among the victims of U.S. torture (www.generousorthodoxy.net).He has quoted from the Holy Scripture: â€Å"Remember those who are in prison, as though you were in prison with them; those who are being tortured, as though you yourselves were being tortured (Heb. 13:3)†.He closes with an interpretation of I John 4:20:   Those who say, I love God, and torture their brothers or sisters, are liars; for those who torture a brother or sister whom they have seen, cannot love God whom they have not seen; and the same holds true for those who turn a blind eye to torture or otherwise condone it.No religion condones torture.Hinduism: This is the sum of duty: Do naug ht unto others which would cause you pain if done to you (Mahabharata).Islam: No one of you is a believer until he desires for his brother what which he desires for himself (Sunnah).Buddhism: Hurt not others in ways that you yourself would find hurtful (Udana Varga).Judaism: What is hateful to you, do not to your fellowmen. That is the entire Law; all the rest is commentary (Talmud).Zoroastrianism: That nature alone is good which refrains from doing unto another whatsoever is not good for itself (Dadistan-i-dinik).Torture is the very essence of evil. Sooner of later, woe would befall a society that condones torture. Here three quotations are appropriate and self-explanatory:The government is the potent omnipresent teacher. For good or ill it teaches the whole people by its example. Crime is contagious. If the government becomes a lawbreaker, it breeds contempt for law; it invites every man to become a law unto himself, it invites anarchy. To declare that the end justifies the means, to declare that the government may commit crimes, would bring terrible retribution (Justice Louis D. Brandeis).Give government the weapons to fight your enemy and it will use them against you (Harry Browne).A nation of sheep will beget a government of wolves (Edward R. Murrow).Skeptics, who entertain apologists of torture, have no place in civilized society.

Research proposal Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Research proposal - Annotated Bibliography Example Apple Inc has been able to capture this market through establishing a department whose role is to market the products through the social media. This source explains the benefits of social media marketing. According to this source, the customers are turning towards companies that are innovative and integrate their ideas in the production process. Besides marketing, social media provides a platform for the company to interact with the customers. According to this source, marketing of the high technological products has changed over times. Due to the dynamic nature of the devices, it has become important to identify a cheaper marketing strategy. This source is important in identifying the impact that social media has been having on the company sales. The tastes and preferences of the current market keep on changing. Different companies are setting up huge amounts of money to conduct research on different aspects that affect the consumption behavior of the market. This source will be significant in identifying other ways that social media can be used to enhance the performance of the company. Social media has improved the performance of the business by making it easy to contact the customers. This source will be significant in identifying how social social media has improved the communication process. Many of the people have focused on leadership of Apple Inc as being the key to success of the company. However, social media has been instrumental in boosting the performance of the business. In addition, it has enabled the company to reach customers who are located in different parts of the

A Case study report on Welcome Break Group Ltd Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A report on Welcome Break Group Ltd - Case Study Example The company is looking out to implement strategic initiatives that will boost the company and bring out the internal talents (Peene, 2013). This will be effective through training employees so that they can be in a position to handle all its business units. This will make their operations effective since customers will enjoy services provided to them by experienced individuals. The HR department is very important to the growth of the company (Nichols, 2013). In the case study, it is evident that this department is on the move to automate its services. This is good to both the company and employees. Since none of the employees is losing out their job positions, it good to use the SuccessFactor system. I have learnt that a company has to start small before it can realize its full potential. While we see Welcome Break as a huge company in the motorway industry, it has a very humble background. Efforts, determination, strong leadership and a good working environment are essential to growth. David Willock gives a great conceptualization of ideas behind the company’s prosperity. Through it, we are in a position to identify the successes and future strategies that are good for company growth. Nichols Will, 2013. Green Energy Company and Nissan have now fitted 16 fast-charging units at Welcome Break motorway service stations across the UK. [Online]. 5 August. Retrieved from: http://www.businessgreen.com/bg/news/2286661/more-rapid-chargers-speed-up- ecotricitys-electric-highway. [Accessed on 17 March, 2014] Saran Cliff, 2012, Case Study: Welcome Break Group Revamps HR with SuccessFactors. [Online]. 10 August. Retrieved from: http://www.computerweekly.com/news/2240161289/Case-Study-Welcome-Break- Group-revamps-HR-with-SuccessFactors. [Accessed on 17 March,

War in Iraq Essay Example for Free

War in Iraq Essay The United States Governments decision to invade Iraq was a mistake and so is the decision to continue to occupy the war-country. However, more than just a mistake, the war is of course wrong, and the reasons which the US declared for the rationale of the war are based on misinformed information. There are kinds of war that can be justified if the reasons behind them are morally right — the Iraq War is not one of them. The question whether the government knew this or not is not really known. Various sides claim different things regarding the rationality of the war, but one thing is for sure: This author is not for any kind of war, including the Iraq War. Iraq War in Under Fire There are a number of reasons why the war on Iraq is to be considered a bad judgment, if not a bad â€Å"scheme. † We could go on and on with a long list, but it would take a very long time. However, the main concern of the government was that Iraq had what they called â€Å"Weapons of Mass Destruction† (WMD) that are a threat to the security of not only America but also the rest of the world. There is reason to believe that misleading information influenced the decision of the president to go to war. In a press release posted on the Central Intelligence Agencys (CIA) website, Jay Rockefeller, chair of Intelligence committee said, â€Å"In making the case for war, the Administration repeatedly presented intelligence as fact when in reality it was unsubstantiated, contradicted, or even non-existent. As a result, the American people were led to believe that the threat from Iraq was much greater than actually existed† (qtd. in United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence 1). He was right; by the time the US and coalition forces was done ransacking the country, no WMD were found. There were also no threatening biological and chemical weapons found in Iraq. There were hints that Saddam wanted to create such devious weapons, but the findings suggest that the â€Å"imminent threats† that the government was so afraid about were non-existent. With these findings alone, the main justification of the US government for going to war with Iraq is nullified. Supposedly after the US was embarrassed by their Intelligence failure, the logical thing to do was to pull out of Iraq as quickly as possible and admit they have made a mistake. Yet, instead of doing this, the government even denied it, publicly declaring Iraq as an â€Å"imminent threat† to the US (Center for American Progress 1). Of course, pulling out of the Iraq would not be that easy especially because the coalition forces have done such a good job of virtually maiming the country. The chaos that the conflict created also meant that it would be morally wrong to just leave the devastated country after doing significant damage to it. The process of pulling out the troops, however, is taking longer than necessary. US troops have been in Iraq since 2003 and until now, tens of thousands of soldiers are still in the dangerous country. The longer the troops stay in Iraq, the more body bags the army have to ship back home. Apart from the unjustified nature of the Iraq War, the casualties that the conflict created and is still creating are one of the major reasons why this war is being contested. As of June 2, 2009, there have been 4,627 coalition deaths, and these only include the coalition forces that died (Cable News Network [CNN]). According to a recent research published in the New York Times, the civilian casualties that the conflict is causing may sum up to 600,000 since the war began (Tavernise and Mcneil). That is almost a hundred thousand deaths a year, which makes this war even more wrong because of the sheer number of casualties produced. Not everybody sees this war the same way. Some argue that if Iraq was not invaded by Coalition forces, Iraq may have developed the Weapons of Mass Destruction they were so eager to find inside Iraqi territory. However, since the time when Iraq was invaded up to this date, no Weapons of Mass Destruction have been detected, making this argument invalid. For others, the war on Iraq was a necessary move of the United States in order to defend itself from foreign threats, and it was a direct action to the seemingly increasing threat that Saddam supposedly had on the US. Former US President George W. Bush claimed that war was his last option. â€Å"I didnt want war, to assume that I wanted war is just flat wrong,† George Bush said in an interview (qtd. in Shakir). However, evidence suggests that he has already made up his mind long before the first coalition forces landed on Iraqi soil. Bush and then British Prime Minister Tony Blair have already met and decided on the matter as revealed in a memo dated January 31, 2003 (Norton-Taylor). Conclusion The Iraq War is just flat out wrong. The US government pretended and projected to the people that Iraq was an imminent threat despite the lack of real evidence. The rationality of the war is just based on misleading information, therefore making it a mistake. However, more important than the rationality of the war, the number of casualties that the conflict has created and is still creating is a strong enough reason to justify the immorality and irrationality of the war. Others may claim that the war was necessary, but the hard truth is that it was indeed a mistake. The failure to find WMD has caused critics to be suspicious of the real intent of the US why they invaded Iraq — Iraq is of course an oil well capable of generating enormous amounts of money that even the already rich US government could not resist. Works Cited Cable News Network. â€Å"US and Coalition Casualties: Iraq. † CNN. com/world. 2 June 2009. 4 June 2009. http://edition. cnn. com/SPECIALS/2003/iraq/forces/casualties/. Center for American Progress. â€Å"In Their Own Words: Iraqs Imminent Threat.† Center for American Progress. 29 Jan. 2004. 4 June 2009. http://www. americanprogress. org/kf/QUOTES. PDF. Norton-Taylor, Richard. â€Å"Blair-Bush Deal Before Iraq War Revealed in Secret Memo. † 3 Feb. 2006. Guardian News and Media. 4 June 2009. http://www. guardian. co. uk/world/2006/feb/03/iraq. usa. Shakir, Faiz. â€Å"Bush Insists I Didnt Want War, Overwhelming Evidence Suggests Otherwise. † Think Progress. 21 Mar. 2006. 4 June 2009. http://thinkprogress. org/2006/03/21/made-up-his-mind/.

James Joyces Araby - Setting in Araby Essay -- Joyce Dubliners Araby

Setting in James Joyce's Araby  Ã‚   In the opening paragraphs of James Joyce's short story, "Araby," the setting takes center stage to the narrator. Joyce tends carefully to the exquisite detail of personifying his setting, so that the narrator's emotions may be enhanced. To create a genuine sense of mood, and reality, Joyce uses many techniques such as first person narration, style of prose, imagery, and most of all setting. The setting of a short story is vital to the development of character. In the opening paragraph, North Richmond Street is introduced as "blind," and "quiet", yet on it rests another house which is unoccupied. The narrator states that the house is, "Detached," from the others on the street, but that, "The other houses on the street, conscious of decent lives within them, gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces" (379). This creates an image of isolation, and uncertainty, for the one uninhabited house. The image of the lone house, lays in the shadows of the crowd of other houses who stand so remarkably calm, and collected. This enhances the image of the adolescent narrator, and perhaps foreshadows, his blind inclination towards self discovery on the road of life. The image also evokes that of the uncomfortable affect a group of peers may cast upon the isolated teen. Will steady doses of rejection and alienation drive the narrator to darker days ahead? He lives with his aunt and uncle, and there is no mention of his real parents. Whether he was abandoned, unwanted, or orphaned remains a mystery. In fact it may be that the narrator simply has no outlet through which to exercise his fragile emotions and thoughts. He has friends, but none to any degree of intimacy, his playful innocence pron... ...y perception of the reader, with the placement of the physical aspects conveying double meaning. Briefly foreshadowed, the religiousness with which he experiences his boyhood fancy, has all but abandoned and betrayed him. He recognizes the, "...silence like that which pervades a church after a service" (382). The bazaar has been emptied all the life within in it and become a cold inhospitable environment. The narrator is left again in his isolation in the middle of the bazaar, failed and dejected. He states, "Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger" (383). Perhaps it is life itself that is the religious experience worth living for, but one evolving from the inner spirit of the self in a great moment of epiphany. Works Cited: Joyce, James. â€Å"Araby†. Kirszner and Mandell 226. James Joyce's Araby - Setting in Araby Essay -- Joyce Dubliners Araby Setting in James Joyce's Araby  Ã‚   In the opening paragraphs of James Joyce's short story, "Araby," the setting takes center stage to the narrator. Joyce tends carefully to the exquisite detail of personifying his setting, so that the narrator's emotions may be enhanced. To create a genuine sense of mood, and reality, Joyce uses many techniques such as first person narration, style of prose, imagery, and most of all setting. The setting of a short story is vital to the development of character. In the opening paragraph, North Richmond Street is introduced as "blind," and "quiet", yet on it rests another house which is unoccupied. The narrator states that the house is, "Detached," from the others on the street, but that, "The other houses on the street, conscious of decent lives within them, gazed at one another with brown imperturbable faces" (379). This creates an image of isolation, and uncertainty, for the one uninhabited house. The image of the lone house, lays in the shadows of the crowd of other houses who stand so remarkably calm, and collected. This enhances the image of the adolescent narrator, and perhaps foreshadows, his blind inclination towards self discovery on the road of life. The image also evokes that of the uncomfortable affect a group of peers may cast upon the isolated teen. Will steady doses of rejection and alienation drive the narrator to darker days ahead? He lives with his aunt and uncle, and there is no mention of his real parents. Whether he was abandoned, unwanted, or orphaned remains a mystery. In fact it may be that the narrator simply has no outlet through which to exercise his fragile emotions and thoughts. He has friends, but none to any degree of intimacy, his playful innocence pron... ...y perception of the reader, with the placement of the physical aspects conveying double meaning. Briefly foreshadowed, the religiousness with which he experiences his boyhood fancy, has all but abandoned and betrayed him. He recognizes the, "...silence like that which pervades a church after a service" (382). The bazaar has been emptied all the life within in it and become a cold inhospitable environment. The narrator is left again in his isolation in the middle of the bazaar, failed and dejected. He states, "Gazing up into the darkness I saw myself as a creature driven and derided by vanity; and my eyes burned with anguish and anger" (383). Perhaps it is life itself that is the religious experience worth living for, but one evolving from the inner spirit of the self in a great moment of epiphany. Works Cited: Joyce, James. â€Å"Araby†. Kirszner and Mandell 226.

Morality in Politics Essay

People are forced to face moral challenges in making day-to-day decisions. When it comes to benefitting individual and societal good, the great question of politics is raised: what is the right thing to do? In Sophocles’ Antigone, there is a dilemma whether to abide by the laws of the gods above the laws of the state. Antigone makes a decision that not only affects her future but the future of the state under her uncle’s rule. Antigone gains a high moral sense in that she followed the laws of the gods and therefore did the morally right choice going against state laws, either case can be deemed as morally correct. In this essay it will be argued that citizens should be free to disobey state laws when conscience dictates. Sophocles’ play enacts the moral conflict of power between the laws of the gods and the laws of state. He presents the reader with a dilemma involving religious rituals passed down in the family and a new law passed by a ruler of the state. Antigone and her uncle, Creon, have a different set of values. Creon, the ruler of Thebes, values the constant order of the state and the public good. Antigone values family and religion, and views these commitments as superior to the laws imposed by her uncle. She claims, there is an â€Å"unchangeable unwritten code of Heaven,† (Sophocles, Antigone, 17) and she decides to act against the laws of her uncle to fulfill the laws of the gods, by giving her brother a proper burial ritual against Creon’s will. Antigone considers her uncle’s laws as sacrilege. Creon thought that his decision would bring stability to his state, as he claimed that â€Å"by corruption few men thrive and many come to mischief,† (Sophocles, Antigone, 12). Creon places the ‘polis’ above family and religious values and disregards the values that Antigone holds sacred. Sophocles positions Antigone as being the heroine of the play and allows her to justify her decisions, with the taking of her own life Antigone made a statement and accentuates the power she held and that Creon lacked. In the end, Creon is left with feelings of regret and no family, thus punished by the gods for not abiding by their laws. Antigone believed that her rights were not given to her by Creon but rather given to her by the gods. She was only doing what she thought was morally right. Antigone is a religious being and clearly values the gods higher than the state; she is willing to face the consequences. Antigone was willing to â€Å"meet with nothing more grievous, at the worst, than death, with honour,† (Sophocles, Antigone, 4) she courageously fulfilled her duties as a religious being. Many people would applaud Antigone’s bravery, for any private interest should be allowed to challenge the public good. In doing so, I believe that those private interests could eventually turn into a public interest. In the play, a prophet visits Creon to warn him of the consequences that have been brought about from his unjust laws. If it had not have been for Antigone publicly objecting to Creon’s law, it would probably not have been such a big issue that brought the concern of others. Antigone allowed for others to question Creon’s law and debate if it is morally right to go against the laws of the gods. Publicly refusing to follow a law brings attention to an issue that otherwise would have been ignored. One great example in our society is during the Civil Rights era; Martin Luther King Jr. ’s actions brought great attention to the issue of racial segregation. He believed that it was right to openly break a law that was not supposed to be a law at all. His actions although non-violent broke many laws that were made to impede success among the African American population in the U. S. He believed that by publicly and consciously breaking the law exposes brutality and promotes participation. In doing so, the people against the law were perceived as being brave and those watching were forced to question what was just. When issues become public and catch the interest of the majority of the people in the ‘polis’, the government is forced to do something about it. Creon responded with a stern and much too harsh punishment that led to the death of his niece, son and wife but if Antigone would not have contested his law he could have eventually reached complete domination of political power. The general population supported Antigone but they were too afraid to say anything until they finally felt that something must be done. Creon was running a totalitarian government and was corrupting the state. He was unable to see how unjust his law was until others brought it to his attention and tried to convince him that his use of power was wrong. Antigone’s defying actions instilled courage in the people to also speak against their ruler. It might be objected that when someone disobeys state laws whenever their conscience dictates they are only helping themselves, the person breaking the law is not thinking about the common good but rather fulfilling their own good or promoting anarchy. Civil disobedience may seem reasonable when we consider Martin Luther King Jr. ’s situation but it may not always be driven with good intentions. By disobeying, regardless of good or bad intentions, they are hurting the stability of the state. Creon argues, â€Å"Obedience is due to the state’ officer in small and great, just and unjust commandments†¦ (Sophocles, Antigone, 26). † Creon did not bother to judge his laws as just or unjust, he simply did what he considered was good for the state. It is thought that if people continue to please themselves in breaking the laws of the state that they will eventually break every law and lose all respect for the state. Civil disobedience may not always serve the public good and only serve to undermine order. Breaking a law weakens the state and it’s order, it promotes anarchy and disrespects authority. It should not be encouraged or tolerated. It is a civic virtue to abide by the laws of the state it is what leads to its success and stability. By breaking the law Antigone was faced with death, she claimed that she was honoring the gods and that they would honor her in the end. But one must question if honor is worth the permanence of death. Many people feel so strongly about their opinions that they are wiling to die just as Antigone did in Sophocles’ play. One notable person in history is Socrates; he willingly faced all punishments administered to him. He claimed to have had a contract with his state of Athens that obliged him to accept punishments for taking advantage of the state in the first place. This shows that even though Socrates may have broken some law, he still held respect for the state. Not every person that breaks a law is completely recalcitrant. Like Socrates, those who fight for civil rights and follow what they believe to be morally correct are aware of their wrongdoings and make it a statement when they finally submit to the law. They are submitting to punishments even if they are deemed unjust only to prove to the state that their morals are important and can withstand any punishment. In facing moral challenges one is often forced to face it is always difficult to decipher what is right and what is wrong. Everyone has different values and obligations. Here, Antigone’s values outweighed Creon’s overwhelmingly unjust laws. One must always question what is more important and find a balance between the two. Civil disobedience is allowed when the conscience dictates in situations that lead to a greater good. Not all private interests are egocentric some may also reflect the interest of the general population. Antigone, although harshly punished just as Martin Luther King, Jr. and Socrates were as well, have all rose among the common people and proved to be great. They encompassed a passion and bravery for their beliefs that was able to attract attention to conflicts in the law. Without their brave actions the state would not have been open to change and reach a new level of stability.

Definition Of A Business Process - 1217 Words

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